A DNA sibling test can be used to conclusively determine the probability of two persons having the same common parents. This is mostly likely useful in scenarios in which the targeted parents are either unwilling or perhaps unable to participate in a DNA paternity test.

If it is possible that either of the possible parents are available, a desired option would be to conduct a comparision using a DNA test. This may not always be convenient or inviting to those involved.

A DNA sibling testing can be used to decide the likelihood of two or more individuals being full siblings, half siblings or sharing no biological relationship; effectively meaning that they are not related.

Full siblings have two biological parents in common (a mother and father), whereas half siblings have only one parent in common (either the mother or the father).

DNA Biological Relationships 

The DNA Sibling test is conducted by examining the number of shared genetic markers between the individuals tested and strives to determine the probability of a biological relationship existing between these people.

The goal of this test is therefore to analyse the degree of shared DNA and to apply statistical analytical methods in order to determine a possible biological relationship.

The greater the likelihood of the common DNA provided indicates a higher probability of a possible biological relationship.

It is suggested that any and all common and not so common family and related persons participate in addressing paternity and DNA confirmation. Physically, this is at best easy, but emotionally and psychologically, it may be quite difficult. 

Understanding DNA and Family

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DNA Testing is not the mystery it was only a few years ago. After all, it makes regular appearances in the crime novels we read, the CSI shows on TV and in courtroom dramas on the big screen. Most people understand that DNA (also known as our chromosomal fingerprint) can be found in trace evidence from crime scenes and is used to identify criminals.

Legal DNA Testing, done through an accredited DNA Testing facility, is likely court admissible evidence and considered one of the best ways of pinpointing identity through evidence left behind such as blood, hair, saliva or bodily fluids.

In order to understand how DNA Testing works, it is essential to understand DNA itself. DNA consists of a ladder-like structure of chromosomes that a father and a mother contribute to a child. At birth, that child has identifiable characteristics of both the mother and the father’s DNA within his/her own DNA structure.

 Historically, attributes such as eye color, hair color, blood type and facial features were the things that fathers used to be certain of parentage. And in fact, there is a test for eye color that can potentially eliminate a man as a child’s father.

However, there is a much broader range of error in that test than accuracy. Even blood types can be tricky. Many individuals share the same blood type, and it may be impossible to eliminate a woman’s husband who shared the same blood type as the child’s biological father.

Today, DNA Testing is also used in a number of domestic cases, including when there is a dispute or a question concerning the true identity of a child’s father. Paternity DNA Testing can be done using only a DNA Testing sample from the presumed father and from the child in question.

However, it is much more accurate if the mother’s DNA Testing sample is included in the test. There are also two kinds of tests-the less expensive home DNA Testing kits and the legal DNA Testing done through an accredited facility. Experts recommend where paternity is concerned, it pays to do the DNA Test legally, so that the results are court admissible.

There are a myriad of reasons why it might be important to know the true identity of a child’s father, but it’s a complicated issue, fraught with emotional land mines. In most states, if a man and a woman have been married 300 days at the time the woman gives birth, her husband is legally considered to be the father of the child.

However, that assumes that the wife has been entirely faithful to the marriage. In most cases, this is true, and the husband has no reason to assume differently. But suppose a question has come up about a child’s parentage.

Gina, 18, had been adopted at birth. She loved her adoptive parents but was curious about her biological parents. Her search took her two years, but eventually, she found Tom, the man she believed was her father. Tom was married with a young family, and had no idea a child had been born of a relationship that ended years before his current one. He agreed to do a paternity DNA Test.

They both gave saliva swipe samples to an accredited DNA Testing facility. The results took seven days to complete and cost nearly $500. It turned out Tom was, in fact, Gina’s biological father. With all doubt removed from the equation, Tom acknowledged Gina as his daughter and introduced her to his wife and Gina’s half-siblings. For Gina and her new family, the DNA Paternity Test was well worth the money.

DNA Testing Laboratory Procedures - Video

Helpful Tips About DNA Paternity Testing

DNA paternity testing of related potential fathers is not uncommon, although paternity in such cases is more difficult to prove beyond doubt.

23 pairs of chromosomes and Discreet DNA Testing

Have you been following the trail of articles in the media about discreet DNA testing? The best of these is definitely by Peter aldous writing in of all things the New Scientist.

Paternity Testing, Prenatal Tests, Home Paternity Tests

Conducting a paternity test during pregnancy is already reliable and effective in determining the paternity. This is because the baby’s DNA is already developed since the start of conception.

DNA Paternity Testing and Related Fathers

This article provides information about DNA Paternity testing when the possible alleged fathers are related and the various issues surrounding this DNA test.

Prenatal Paternity Testing Is Just One Option

The principles that have been used for paternity testing are now available to apply to other areas that often need questions answered as well. Heres a fine example of one of the ways that DNA testing has evolved.

By: Larry Borsheim

Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com

Larry Borsheim is a freelance writer with specialized knowledge in chemistry, DNA Testing and Drug Testing. Contact Larry atmailto:dnadrugtest@gmail.com for more information.

Technorati Tags: a paternity test, dna, dna testing, legal paternity testing, paternity blood test, paternity identification, pre birth paternity test, prenatal paternity test, test for paternity

DNA testing may seem complex and confusing for anyone seeking a paternity test, but it is more simple if you learn step by step how a DNA test analysis is performed and how the results can impact your life.

The videos included here explain in detail what DNA is, the components of Deoxyribonuclueic Acid (DNA), the DNA collection procedure, the DNA testing and analysis process, and how the paternity results are presented.

For some, it can be of great importance as to discovering how paternity DNA testing is performed, and whether or not parenthood is properly established.

The following information may be overly technical for some people, but perhaps of great interest to others. You should review the videos presented below that examine exactly how DNA is colllected, examined, analysed, and reported.

What is DNA - Video

DNA Components - Video

DNA Collection Procedure - Video

DNA Testing Procedures - Video

DNA Laboratory Analysis Procedure - Video

Generating the DNA Profiles - Video

Comparing the DNA Profiles - Video

With respect to DNA paternity testing issues, it is best that you investigate the possible testing methods and laboratories available before commiting to any particular one.

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A Los Angeles judge has ordered a paternity test to determine who is the actual father of Anna Nicole Smith’s three-month old daughter.

The ruling was announced Thursday after Larry Birkhead, a freelance photographer and ex-boyfriend of Smith, filed a lawsuit claiming that he is the father of three-month old Dannielynn Hope. Smith claims that her lawyer/fianc Howard K. Stern is the child’s father. Birkhead has maintained that he is the baby’s father since Smith announced her pregnancy.

He said Thursday, "If I was on anybody’s Christmas list, they can scratch me off because this is the best Christmas present I could have ever received. I’m one step closer to beginning a relationship with my daughter."

Smith gave birth to Dannielynn on September 7 in the Bahamas and tragically three days later her 20-year old son Daniel Wayne Smith passed away unexpectedly. Stern and Smith had a commitment ceremony in late September that is reportedly not a legal union. Stern announced that he was the baby’s father on The Larry King Live show and Birkhead immediately filed a lawsuit to determine the paternity of the child that he believes he fathered.

Smith’s attorney, Ron Rale, said, "I believe there is not an issue about Anna’s willingness or unwillingness to submit to testing. Any kind of allegation that she’s blatantly refusing DNA tests is off the mark and not an accurate depiction of the legal process at this time." Smith and Stern have been acting very bizarrely following the birth of her daughter and death of her son.

For whatever reason it does seem that she has done anything and everything to keep Birkhead away from the baby. Now it seems there will finally be some answers. Birkhead said, "I think God that I will soon have the opportunity to prove that I am the father…and eventually hold her in my arms."

Anna Nicole Smith Baby’s Birth

Anna Nicole Smith’s Daughter and the DNA Paternity Test

Anna Nicole Smith’s two-year-old daughter Dannielynn made a surprise appearance on a US talk show yesterday as she was introduced to the judge who famously decided the fate of her mother’s remains. A custody battle for the daughter ensued which was concluded when DNA results proved paternity.

Dark Destinations - Seminole Hard Rock Casino, Hollywood, FL

After the death of Anna Nicole Smith, a very dramatic and public legal struggle ensued over determining the actual biological father of Anna’s daughter Dannielynn. Four men claimed paternity of the child and two other [...]

Timeline: Anna Nicole Smith Paternity Suit

Oct. 2: Larry Birkhead files a paternity suit to establish that he is Dannielynn’s father. 2007. Feb. 7: Judge orders Anna Nicole to submit to DNA testing in Birkhead paternity suit by no later than Feb. 21. Feb. 8: Anna Nicole dies in [...]

Anna-Nicole’s Little Girl Meets her Paternity Case Judge

Anna-Nicole’s girl meets her paternity case judge. By Bo Wilson, London Lite Last updated at 12:50pm on 03.02.09. Add your view. The judge who ruled on custody of Anna-Nicole Smith’s body after her death has met her daughter. [...]

Technorati Tags: Ann Nicole baby, Anna Nicole Smith prenancy, celeberties, court ordered paternity test, dna testing, fatherhood, legal paternity test, paternity, paternity testing

A Paternity Test is Expensive

The cost of a genetic paternity test can be less than $100, but there are consequences that you should be aware of. The results of a home paternity test are not considered legally valid in most courts of law involving child support or custody cases.

Also, if there are serious legal issues related to child support or custody, then it may save you money later to consider using the professional DNA testing centers available. Even if a professionally conducted DNA paternity test costs a few hundred dollars, it may be worth it.

Your Privacy May be Violated

In almost every instance of parentage DNA testing conducted by professional labs, privacy is virtually guaranteed.  The only people that could reveal the results would be either the individuals requesting it, or a court of law.

As a potential mother, you can still seek to have a prenatal paternity test while pregnant, but there are some disadvantages. It is possible to have amniocentesis performed to collect some fetal cells that could be used in a DNA paternity test.

Double checking the process and the DNA testing profile virtually guarantees that you are provided with results that are as accurate as possible.

Understanding DNA Testing - Video

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There are certain moral issues that should be addressed before considering a DNA paternity test. The mother who is not completely certain as to the father of the child, the desire for child support or custody, financial issues and the need to ensure the best for the child. 

It is not news that a paternity test using DNA is now the most popular method of establishing the genetic identity of a particular child and parentage. After taking samples of DNA from the mother, the child and the presumed father, test results from an accredited testing lab will reveal the likelihood of the man being the true father to an accuracy of 99.7 percent or better. But what are the most likely reasons for a mother or alleged father in pursuing a legal DNA paternity test?

Child Support Issues

For a man who is uncertain he is the father of the child, he may simply wish to not pay child support unless his genetic relationship with the child is confirmed. If the mother was suspected of having multiple encounters with other men, then the presumed father is ethically justified in pursuing a paternity test. Indeed, in most countries he has a legal right to discover the truth.

But the reverse is equally possible in that the man is the true genetic father, seeks acknowledgement and truly desires to help the child in any way possible. However, the mother may not wish this and may prefer to sever her relationship with him, either financially or in all respects.

With respect to the mother of the child, it may be the case that she is seeking financial support because she knows for certain that he is the father. Regrettably, this is not always true and she may not even be sure of paternity, but still seeks support possibly because the man is financially stable and can provide for her child. Even if this is considered morally wrong, should the mother be overly criticized for wanting her child to be brought up in a secure environment?

Child Custody Issues

In most legal cases involving child custody, the mother and alleged father are no longer together and frequently have a dislike for each other. But because there is a child involved this may become a far more important issue than the feelings they have toward each other.

A mother may seek a genetic paternity test in order to avoid sharing custody of the child. It is also possible that she truly wishes to share custody, but only under certain conditions that are not practical or acceptable unless a court of law dictates it.

The presumed father also has a legal right to pursue a test for paternity in order to secure access to his child. Although there are some uncaring fathers, the majority of men want to help, in any reasonable way possible.

Organ Donor DNA Compatibility

Analyzing and comparing the DNA of an organ donor with that of the recipient is extremely important in order to avoid tissue rejection issues. A DNA test can compare the donor and target DNA samples to ensure compatibility.

Of course, the most compatible organ donors involve the direct and genetically related family members, regardless of their relationship status. But this raises another specter of difficulty.

Suppose a man believing to be the father of his child discovers that his young son or daughter requires a bone marrow transplant, a blood transfusion or perhaps even a new kidney. The DNA testing is conducted and the results confirmed with high accuracy.

The DNA lab informs the man that he is not genetically compatible and cannot provide donor tissue because he is not the true father of the child. This would likely be emotionally devastating to a man that brought up the child assuming it was his. The consequences to the relationship between the mother and the man would likely be difficult, at the very least.

DNA Sampling for Paternity Test - Video

Rape Cases, DNA Testing and Wrongful Convictions

Prior to the availability and acceptance of DNA test results in the courts of law, it has been the case that some men convicted of rape were truly innocent, and those that were actually responsible, never even suspected.

Many wrongful convictions of rape have been overturned by establishing genetic DNA proof that the assaulter was not the one who fathered the child. And as a mirror can reflect the truth only for those that wish to see it, a presumably innocent man is actually the one responsible.

Identifying Birth Defects with DNA Testing

A prenatal paternity test can help to determine if the future child will have any negative physical syndromes, but these are invasive prenatal tests that may affect either or both mother and child.

Before even conceiving a child, a couple can undergo DNA testing with a certified testing lab to be sure that there are no errant genes in their shared chromosomes that would negatively affect their child.

Unfortunately, in the past this was too costly, but now with affordable DNA testing, they can know for certain if there could be a problem with their future child. In a proactive manner, this is truly a positive spin on Planned Parenthood.

Conclusion

To summarize, most courts of law recognize the validity of paternity tests, but only if they are conducted by professionals and using accredited DNA testing laboratories. If a home paternity testing kit was used, it is highly unlikely the courts would acknowledge the results as legitimate. Only legal DNA paternity test results will be accepted as such in the majority of child support and custody cases.

Also, be aware of the motivation and moral consequences involved in undergoing a paternity test. The test results you discover with a DNA test may not be quite what you expected.

Technorati Tags: a paternity test, child support, dna birth defects, dna paternity issues, dna paternity testing, genetic paternity test, genetic test, morality, organ donors, paternity test

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